Refractive Index: 1.378

Water Solubility: 360 g/L (25°C)

Stability: Stable under normal transportation and handling conditions.

Storage Conditions: Low-temperature, ventilated, dry warehouse.

Vapor Pressure: 1 mm Hg (865°C)

Sodium chloride (NaCl) is an inorganic ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl. It appears as colorless cubic crystals or fine crystalline powder with a salty taste. It is primarily derived from seawater and is the main component of table salt. It is freely soluble in water and glycerin, slightly soluble in ethanol (alcohol), and liquid ammonia; it is insoluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid. Impure sodium chloride is deliquescent in air. It is relatively stable, and its aqueous solution is neutral. Industrially, it is generally used to produce hydrogen, chlorine, caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), and other chemical products by electrolysis of saturated sodium chloride solutions (commonly known as the chlor-alkali industry). It is also used in ore smelting (electrolysis of molten sodium chloride crystals to produce active metallic sodium). It is used medically to prepare physiological saline solutions and is used in domestic condiments.

Product Uses

Industry

1. Electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride produces hydrogen and chlorine. Chlorine has a wide range of applications in the chemical industry, including in the synthesis of polyvinyl chloride, pesticides, and hydrochloric acid.

2. The Dangs method for producing metallic sodium: Sodium is produced by electrolyzing a mixture of molten sodium chloride and calcium chloride. Calcium chloride acts as a flux, lowering the melting point of sodium chloride to below 700°C. Calcium is less reducing than sodium and does not introduce impurities.

3. Sodium chloride is essential for many biological reactions. For example, many solution formulations in molecular biology experiments contain sodium chloride, and most bacterial culture media contain sodium chloride. It is also a raw material for the production of soda ash using the ammonia-soda process.

Food Industry

1. It is used in the food and fisheries industries for salting, and as a raw material for seasonings and refined table salt.

2. Adding salt to dishes can remove some of the odors of the ingredients and enhance their flavor. This is the flavor-enhancing effect of salt. The saying "bland tasteless, salty tasteless" means that the appropriate amount of salt must be used to fully realize its unique properties.

3. Gluten protein has a great influence on the processing characteristics and edible quality of noodles. Sodium chloride can change the formation of gluten protein by changing the degree of gluten hydration and the ionic strength in the dough, thereby affecting the texture and cooking quality of noodles.

Medical

1. Sodium chloride is very important for life on Earth. Most biological tissues contain a variety of salts. The concentration of sodium ions in the blood is directly related to the regulation of the safe level of body fluids. The conduction of nerve impulses caused by signal conversion is also regulated by sodium ions.

2. Water containing 0.9% sodium chloride is called normal saline because it has the same osmotic pressure as plasma. Normal saline is the main body fluid substitute and is widely used to treat and prevent dehydration. It is also used for intravenous therapy and prevention of hemolytic shock.

Agriculture

Its aqueous solution can be used for seed selection. NaCl solution is prepared according to the needs of the species. Its density is greater than that of water. When seeds are placed in NaCl solution, those that float are not full, while those that sink are full.